DESIGN ELEMENTS
The basic building blocks of design. The grammar or parts that are composed into an organized structure. The elements comprise a visual language that is the basis of design.
Elements: the traditional basic elements of design are point, line, plane, volume| elements | line |
Form: the elements define shape, size, color (hue, saturation, lightness), texture/pattern
| color | texture | texture | pattern | pattern |
Organization: forms are arranged into spatial organizations such as centralized, linear, radial, grid
| organizations | ordering |
DESIGN PRINCIPLES
Organization, structure, composition. The way design elements are put together to create a whole. Creating visual relationships among design elements to create a coherent whole.
Unity: the relation of parts to each other with an integrity that informs the whole
Balance: weight, stress, tension, stability
| symmetrical | asymmetrical |
Symmetry: mirror-like repetition of two sides (balanced distribution of equivalent forms about a center or axis)
| symmetry | asymmetry |
Hierarchy: dominance (visual emphasis) by size, location, shape, color
Rhythm: sequences and patterns (movement or flow created by patterned repetition of elements)
| mondrian | california |
Scale: relative sizes of elements to each other and to the whole
Proportion: ratio relations between elements (harmonious relation of one part to another)
| proportion | modular |
Space: figure/ground, positive/negative, depth illusion
| malevich | hundertwasser |